Day 51 — Book 1, Chapter 9, §2

Yesterday ended with a verdict: the Spirit's office is to seal on our minds the very doctrine which the gospel recommends. Today Calvin cashes the verdict — twice. First, the practical inference (S1): if the Spirit works through the Word, then the way to the Spirit's benefit runs through the reading and hearing of Scripture — the study desk and the pew, both. And any spirit that passes by the Word to suggest something else — catch the verb: yesterday the true Spirit's job was to suggest and instil Christ's truths; today a spirit suggesting any other doctrine has stolen the true Spirit's verb and changed the cargo — that spirit is deservedly suspected of vanity and falsehood.

Second, the infallible mark — the phrase yesterday's homework told you to come looking for. Here is the problem it solves: Satan transforms himself into an angel of light (S2 — 2 Cor. 11:14). If the counterfeit glows, brightness proves nothing; you need a die-stamp the counterfeiter cannot cut. And then the chapter's most famous exchange. The fanatics' objection (S4): it is insulting to subject the Spirit — to whom all things are to be subject — to the Scripture. Sounds pious. Sounds unanswerable. Calvin's answer (S5–S10) is one distinction wielded like a scalpel: subjection to a foreign standard would be bondage, True — but Scripture is not a foreign standard. It is the image which he has stamped (S7) — his own signature, his own likeness. Comparing the Spirit with Scripture is comparing him with himself — and self-consistency injures no one, unless (S10, the acid closer) you think it would be honourable for God to degenerate, and revolt against himself.

The shape in one breath:

   S1        INFERENCE    ── heed reading AND hearing (Peter still studies
                             the prophets!) / bypass-spirit = vanity
   S2        PROBLEM      ── Satan = angel of light → no mark, no authority
   S3        DIAGNOSIS    ── the mark IS given; they seek the Spirit
                             from themselves, not from Him
   S4        OBJECTION    ── "subjecting the Spirit to Scripture insults him"
   S5        ANSWER       ── foreign standard? bondage, granted (were) —
                             but self-comparison (is): where is the injury?
   S6–S7     REFINEMENT   ── a test, yes — self-appointed; the mark = the
                             image he has STAMPED on the Scriptures
   S8–S10    GROUND       ── the author cannot vary; such as at first,
                             such for ever; only "honourable degeneration"
                             could make this an insult

Today's 3 Big Points — write them down now:

1. One understand, two that-objects, and a parenthesis the size of a verse. S1: easy to understand [that we must give diligent heed ...] , (just as Peter ... (2 Pet. 1:19), though ... arose), and, on the contrary, [that any spirit ... is deservedly suspected ...]. The second that is your lifeline — it resumes the object-chain after twenty-plus words of parenthesis. Lose it and any spirit ... is suspected reads like a new sentence; keep it and the whole period hangs from one verb. ⚠️ Plus the volitional fossil inside: if we would obtain = if we wish to obtain — would = want, not future-in-the-past.
2. The subjunctive triple — and the mood contrast that IS the argument. S2 if he be not ascertained (bare subjunctive after if — Day 41's If any one object, back). S7 lest Satan should insinuate (lest + should, negative purpose). And the pair that decides the case, S5: if he **were** subjected to a ... foreign standard (counterfactual — that world does not exist) vs. so long as he **is** compared with himself (indicative — that is the actual arrangement). Calvin's theology is in the verb moods: bondage is subjunctive, self-comparison is indicative. ⚠️ The exam will "fix" one of them. Both are load-bearing.
3. Ellipsis under but + negation across and. S6: I admit that he is brought to a test, but the very test by which ... — restore the gap: but ‹he is brought to› the very test. S8: cannot vary, and change his likeness — one cannot governs both verbs (he cannot vary-and-change — the pair is one act). And S9's fronted correlative Such as he there appeared at first, such he will perpetually remain — the archaic such ... such frame. Three compressions, one skill: find the shared word, copy it across.

Ten sentences, four of them heavyweight. The objection-and-answer (S4–S5) is the day's summit. Let's go.

2. Hence it is easy to understand that we must give diligent heed both to the reading and hearing of Scripture, if we would obtain any benefit from the Spirit of God (just as Peter praises those who attentively study the doctrine of the prophets (2 Pet. 1:19), though it might have been thought to be superseded after the gospel light arose), and, on the contrary, that any spirit which passes by the wisdom of God’s Word, and suggests any other doctrine, is deservedly suspected of vanity and falsehood. Since Satan transforms himself into an angel of light, what authority can the Spirit have with us if he be not ascertained by an infallible mark? And assuredly he is pointed out to us by the Lord with sufficient clearness; but these miserable men err as if bent on their own destruction, while they seek the Spirit from themselves rather than from Him. But they say that it is insulting to subject the Spirit, to whom all things are to be subject, to the Scripture: as if it were disgraceful to the Holy Spirit to maintain a perfect resemblance throughout, and be in all respects without variation consistent with himself. True, if he were subjected to a human, an angelical, or to any foreign standard, it might be thought that he was rendered subordinate, or, if you will, brought into bondage, but so long as he is compared with himself, and considered in himself, how can it be said that he is thereby injured? I admit that he is brought to a test, but the very test by which it has pleased him that his majesty should be confirmed. It ought to be enough for us when once we hear his voice; but lest Satan should insinuate himself under his name, he wishes us to recognise him by the image which he has stamped on the Scriptures. The author of the Scriptures cannot vary, and change his likeness. Such as he there appeared at first, such he will perpetually remain. There is nothing contumelious to him in this, unless we are to think it would be honourable for him to degenerate, and revolt against himself. ✅ Text note. Our source file source/Institutes_Beveridge_FULL.txt carries §2 at lines 3886–3907 — and for the first time in six days, the page furniture leaves us alone: no page break, no running header, no footnote marker falls inside the section. One paragraph, no hyphenation repairs needed. One typographic flag: the curly apostrophe in God’s Word (S1) is the source's own — reproduce it. The nested parentheses in S1 are also the source's own: the citation (2 Pet. 1:19) sits inside the larger parenthesis (just as Peter ... arose) — parenthesis within parenthesis, matched and closed. The section summary in the chapter head reads: "Refutation continued. 3. The impositions of Satan cannot be detected without the aid of the written Word. First Objection. The Answer to it." — note that the head's numbering (its "2." covering item "3.") runs one system, the section numbers another; trust the section number in the body text. ⚠️ Now run the standing Day 42 checks. Every stranded comparative, every so/too/such without a partner, every pronoun without an antecedent. Correlatives: **both** to the reading **and** hearing (S1) ✓ — pair closed, one article the shared across both gerund-nouns. **rather than** from Him (S3) ✓ — comparative pair with matched from-phrases. **Such as** he there appeared at first, **such** he will perpetually remain (S9) ✓ — the archaic double-such correlative, both halves present. **so long as** he is compared (S5) — conditional conjunction, not a stranded so. No orphans today. Pronouns: the minefield is he/him/his — from S2 to S10 nearly every one is the Spirit, but watch the switches. he be not ascertained (S2) = the Spirit. he is pointed out ... by the Lord (S3) — the Spirit pointed out, the Lord doing the pointing; from **Him** (S3, capital H) = God/the Lord, against lowercase themselves. S4: to whom all things are to be subject = the Spirit (the concession sits inside the fanatics' reported objection); consistent with himself = the Spirit. S5: all four (he were subjected ... he was rendered ... he is compared ... he is thereby injured) = the Spirit. S6: he is brought ... it has pleased **him** ... **his** majesty = the Spirit — the tested one and the test-appointer are the same person; that is the point. S7 — ⚠️ the layered one: his voice = the Spirit's; lest Satan should insinuate himself under **his** name — his = the Spirit's name (Satan's forgery target); **he** wishes us to recognise **him** by the image which **he** has stamped — wisher, recognized one, and stamper are all the Spirit (read God-the-Spirit throughout and the sentence closes). S8: The author of the Scriptures = the Spirit — the noun phrase finally names what the pronouns assumed. he **there** appeared (S9) — there = in the Scriptures. in this (S10) = in being tested by his own Word (S6–S7's whole arrangement); unless **we are to** think (S10) = be to of expectation — "unless we are prepared to think." Trap words on patrol: would (S1) = wish to (volitional, not conditional). superseded (S1) = replaced, made obsolete (super + sedere, to sit above). passes by (S1) = bypasses, ignores — not "walks past politely." vanity (S1) = emptiness (vanus, empty) — not conceit; a vain spirit is a hollow one. ascertained (S2) = identified with certainty — stronger than "found out." assuredly (S3) = certainly. bent on (S3) = determined on (bow-metaphor: aimed). insulting / contumelious (S4/S10) — the same charge at entry and exit: treating with contempt. angelical (S5) = angelic (older form). foreign (S5) = alien, external — a standard other than himself; not "international." if you will (S5) = if you insist on the stronger word — a concession in idiom form. when once (S7) = as soon as, once. insinuate (S7) = worm in (in + sinus, into the fold). stamped (S7) = impressed as with a die — mint-language again (Day 50's coin, now the lawful mint). vary (S8) = change, deviate. contumelious (S10) = insolent, contemptuous (contumelia, abuse). degenerate (S10) = fall from one's kind (de + genus — Day 9's morphology, now applied to God per impossibile). All in Period 5. ℹ️ On the count. Ten sentences, one paragraph. Two question marks (S2, S5) — both genuine rhetorical questions expecting the answer "none/no way," not Day 50's exclamation-in-disguise. One colon (S4) introducing the as if-reframe; semicolons at the pivots of S3 and S7. The count stands at 10.

An objection heard, granted its best form, and dismantled by one distinction:

   S1        INFERENCE   ── Spirit works through Word →
                            give heed to READING and HEARING;
                            bypass-spirit = vanity & falsehood
   S2        PROBLEM     ── angel-of-light counterfeit →
                            no authority without an INFALLIBLE MARK
   S3        DIAGNOSIS   ── the mark is given clearly; they look
                            for the Spirit in the mirror
   S4        OBJECTION   ── "subjecting the Spirit to Scripture = insult"
   S5        DISTINCTION ── foreign standard (were) → bondage, granted;
                            self-comparison (is) → injury impossible
   S6        REFINEMENT  ── a test, admitted — but self-APPOINTED
   S7        THE MARK    ── the image he has STAMPED on the Scriptures
   S8–S9     GROUND      ── the author cannot vary; such as at first,
                            such for ever
   S10       CLOSER      ── no insult — unless self-revolt is an honour
   ⚠️ 시험 포인트: 칼빈은 성령이 성경에 '종속'된다고 말하지 않는다 —
      외부 기준 종속은 그가 명시적으로 기각하는 프레임이다.
      시험은 반드시 이 프레임을 선지로 되판다.

Examiner's Eye — 네 개를 찍어 둔다.

① 최다 출제 예상: S5 를 "성령은 성경에 종속된다"로 요약하는 선지. ⚠️ "Calvin teaches that the Spirit is subordinate to Scripture as to a higher standard" ✗ — S5 가 명시적으로 부정하는 프레임이다: if he were subjected to a human, an angelical, or to any foreign standard — 가정법(그런 일은 없다). 실제 배열은 compared with himself, and considered in himself: 서열이 아니라 자기 동일성 확인. 성경은 외부 기준이 아니라 성령 자신의 image(S7)다.

② 두 번째 함정: S6 을 뒤집는 선지. ⚠️ "Calvin denies that the Spirit is brought to any test" ✗ — S6 첫마디가 I admit that he is brought to a test. 부정되는 것은 시험 자체가 아니라 시험의 외부성이다: the very test by which it has pleased him that his majesty should be confirmed — 시험은 그가 스스로 기뻐하여 정한 것이고, 결과는 위엄의 훼손이 아니라 확증이다.

③ 세 번째 함정: S1 의 병렬을 반쪽으로 자르는 선지. ⚠️ "Calvin says private reading of Scripture suffices for the benefit of the Spirit" ✗ — both to the reading **and hearing**: 개인 독서와 공적 들음(회중 설교) 둘 다. Day 50 S9 의 1 Tim. 4:13(공적 낭독)과 같은 전선이다. both ... and 를 자르면 오답.

④ 네 번째 함정: S2 의 조건절을 사실 진술로 읽는 선지. ⚠️ "Calvin concedes that the Spirit has no authority with us" ✗ — what authority can the Spirit have with us **if he be not ascertained** by an infallible mark? 는 조건부 수사의문: 표지 없이는 어떤 영 주장도 검증 불가라는 인식론적 논점이다. 그리고 S3 이 즉시 답한다: 표지는 with sufficient clearness 로 주어져 있다.

Formula 1 — one verb, two that-objects (the resumed that)

  understand [that A], (긴 삽입), and, (부사구), [that B]
     = 동사 하나가 that절 두 개를 목적어로 지배
  ⚠️ 두 번째 that = 생명줄: 삽입 뒤에서 "아직 understand 안이다"를
     알리는 재개 신호. 이것을 지우고 새 문장으로 읽으면
     B 절이 동사 잃은 고아가 된다
  + if S would V = S 가 V 하기를 원한다면 (의지의 would — Day 50 ② 가족)

Transformation drill. 오늘 논지로 재현: → Hence it is easy to understand that we must seek the Spirit in the Word, if we would not be deceived, and, on the contrary, that any teacher who forsakes the Word is justly suspected of falsehood. (두 번째 that 가 삽입 너머에서 동사에 접속되는 것을 확인.)

Formula 2 — the subjunctive triple (+ the mood-contrast argument)

  ① if + S + be (원형)      = 열린 가정 (if he be not ascertained)
  ② if + S + were ↔ so long as + S + is
     = 반사실(외부 기준) ↔ 직설(자기 비교) — ⚠️ 무드 대조 자체가 논증:
       속박은 가정법 세계에만, 자기비교는 직설법 현실에
  ③ lest + S + should V     = ~하지 않도록 (부정 목적)
  가족 (전부 기출): as he were (Day 50) · until ... manifest (Day 49) ·
     If any one object (Day 41)
  ⚠️ 어느 쪽이든 무드를 '통일'하는 선지 = 훼손이지 교정 아님

Transformation drill. ②·③을 한 문장에: → If the Spirit were tried by a foreign standard, it might be thought a bondage; but lest any man should be deceived, he is compared only with himself. (반사실 were 와 lest+should 가 각각 작동하는 것을 확인.)

Formula 3 — ellipsis under but + negation scope + the double-such

  ① I admit ..., but ‹생략› the very N   = but ‹it is / he is brought to›
     — but 뒤 명사구만 남으면 왼쪽에서 주어·동사를 복사
  ② cannot V₁, and V₂   = V₁·V₂ 모두 부정 (콤마는 호흡이지
     scope 차단이 아니다: cannot [vary and change])
  ③ Such as S V-ed, such S will V   = ~했던 그대로, 그대로 남는다
     (앞의 such as = 성격 설정, 뒤의 such = 전치된 보어)

Transformation drill. ③으로 영작: → Such as the gospel was first delivered to the church, such it will remain to the end. (전치된 such 를 remain 뒤로 되돌려 base 를 복원해 볼 것.)

The objection is real, and it is still asked. "You subject the sovereign Spirit to a book?" — Calvin heard it from the Libertines (Quintin, Pocquet — Day 50's cast, still on stage); the church has heard it since from every quarter that pits pneumatology against bibliology. Calvin's answer is not a ranking but a re-description of the relation: Scripture is not a norm over the Spirit nor a rival beside him; it is his own product bearing his own image (the image which he has stamped). Testing spirit-claims against Scripture is therefore the Spirit testing spirits — 1 John 4:1 executed by the Spirit's own instrument. The scholastics would later give this a tidy label: Scripture as principium cognoscendi — not a competitor of the Spirit but the very shape his teaching ministry takes.

The self-authentication circle, second arc. Chapter 7 argued: the Word is certified by the Spirit (testimonium Spiritus Sancti internum), not by the church. Chapter 9 argues: the Spirit is identified by the Word, not by inner weather. Put them together and you get the famous Calvinian circle — Word and Spirit mutually attesting — which critics call circular and Calvin would call married (Isa. 59:21, yesterday's wedding certificate). The circle is not vicious because its ground is a single divine author: God attesting God by God. Westminster inherits both arcs in order — WCF 1.5 (full persuasion by the inward work of the Holy Spirit bearing witness by and with the Word in our hearts) and 1.10 (the supreme judge: the Holy Spirit speaking in the Scripture).

Immutability as epistemology. S8–S9 quietly convert a metaphysical doctrine (God cannot change — Mal. 3:6; Jas. 1:17's no variableness) into a method: because the author cannot vary, his first self-portrait remains the standard for every later claim. This is why the Reformed tradition read church history as a series of returns ad fontes — not archaism for its own sake, but the conviction that the stamp does not update. Note also the pastoral edge Calvin never drops: S1's reading and hearing keeps the whole apparatus concrete — the infallible mark is consulted at the desk and in the pew, not in a seminar on epistemology.

⚠️ The over-reading guardrail — two fences today. First: do not flatten S5–S6 into "the Bible is above the Holy Spirit." Calvin explicitly rejects the subordination frame — foreign standard is the hypothesis he denies; the actual relation is self-comparison. Slogans like "Word over Spirit" reproduce the fanatics' framing with the polarity flipped, and lose the marriage both chapters defend. Second: he is brought to a test is not an invitation to rationalist tribunal — the test's jurisdiction exists because it has pleased him (S6); we verify by his stamp, we do not audit his majesty by autonomous reason. The believer is a teller checking a coin against the die — not a judge trying the mint.

1. 2 Corinthians 11:14 — S2 (near-quotation). αὐτὸς γὰρ ὁ Σατανᾶς μετασχηματίζεται εἰς ἄγγελον φωτός — Satan himself is transformed into an angel of light. HOW Calvin uses it: as the epistemological premise of the whole section — since the counterfeit glows, luminous experience can never self-certify; a mark external to the feeling is required. Paul's next verse (his ministers as ministers of righteousness) is the Libertine application Calvin leaves his hearers to draw.
2. 2 Peter 1:19 — S1 (cited). καὶ ἔχομεν βεβαιότερον τὸν προφητικὸν λόγον, ᾧ καλῶς ποιεῖτε προσέχοντες — we have the word of prophecy more sure, whereunto ye do well that ye take heed. HOW Calvin uses it: Peter — eyewitness of the Transfiguration! — still sends readers to the prophetic word as unto a light that shineth in a dark place; the parenthesis's concessive (though it might have been thought to be superseded) tracks the verse's own logic: the gospel sunrise retires no lamp.
3. 1 John 4:1 — S2–S3 (structural). δοκιμάζετε τὰ πνεύματα εἰ ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ ἐστιν — try the spirits whether they are of God. Day 50 planted it as background; today it becomes the section's program: the infallible mark is the apparatus that makes the command executable. Testing spirits is not suspicion of the Spirit — it is obedience to him.
4. John 10:4–5, 27 — S7 (echo). τὰ πρόβατα αὐτῷ ἀκολουθεῖ, ὅτι οἴδασιν τὴν φωνὴν αὐτοῦ — the sheep follow him, for they know his voice. It ought to be enough for us when once we hear his voice — the shepherd's-voice ideal; but Calvin immediately adds the provision for a world with voice-forgers (lest Satan should insinuate himself under his name): the flock verifies the voice by the written likeness.
5. 1 Corinthians 15:27–28 — S4 (background). πάντα γὰρ ὑπέταξεν ὑπὸ τοὺς πόδας αὐτοῦ — the all-things-subjected language. The fanatics' premise (to whom all things are to be subject) is orthodox — Calvin grants it standing inside their own objection; the error is the inference, not the premise.
6. 2 Timothy 2:13 — S8–S10 (hidden ground). ἀρνήσασθαι γὰρ ἑαυτὸν οὐ δύναται — he cannot deny himself. Behind cannot vary, behind revolt against himself: the one impossibility in God is self-contradiction — which is exactly why self-comparison is the one harmless test. (Day 11 banked this verse; today it pays out.)
7. Malachi 3:6 / James 1:17 — S9 (echo). אֲנִי יְהוָה לֹא שָׁנִיתִי — I am the LORD, I change not; παρ᾽ ᾧ οὐκ ἔνι παραλλαγὴ — with whom is no variableness. Such as he there appeared at first, such he will perpetually remain — immutability converted into hermeneutical method: the first edition is the standard edition, perpetually.
8. Ephesians 1:13 — S7 (echo, continued from Day 50). ἐσφραγίσθητε τῷ πνεύματι — sealed with the Spirit. Yesterday the Spirit sealed doctrine on minds; today he has stamped his image on the Scriptures — one signet, two impressions: the page and the heart, made to match.

① 어법 — 밑줄 친 부분 중 틀린 것은?

What authority can the Spirit have with us if he ①be not ascertained by an infallible mark? True, if he ②were subjected to any foreign standard, it might be thought that he was brought into bondage; but so long as he ③were compared with himself, how can it be said that he is injured? And ④lest Satan should insinuate himself under his name, he wishes us to recognise him by his own image.

✨ 답안 보기 (클릭)정답: ③ — so long as 는 실제 성립하는 배열을 말하므로 직설법: so long as he **is** compared with himself. 반사실 were 는 ②의 외부-기준 가정에만 속한다 — 무드 대조가 곧 논증(Formula 2-②)이므로, 이 자리의 were 는 문법 오류이자 신학 오류. ①은 if + 원형 be 의 bare subjunctive — 오답처럼 보이는 정문(Formula 2-①). ②는 반사실 가정 — 정문. ④는 lest + should — 정문(Formula 2-③). 출제 의도: 세 가정법이 각자 다른 종류임을 아는지 — "가정법이니까 다 were/원형" 으로 뭉개면 ③을 정문으로 오판한다.

② 내용일치 — §2 의 논지와 일치하는 것은?

(a) Calvin teaches that the Spirit is rendered subordinate to Scripture, which stands over him as a higher standard. (b) Calvin denies that the Spirit is brought to any test, since testing would injure his majesty. (c) Calvin argues that comparing the Spirit with Scripture is comparing him with himself, since Scripture bears the image he has stamped on it — a test he himself has been pleased to appoint. (d) Calvin holds that private reading of Scripture suffices for the Spirit's benefit, public hearing being a temporary provision now superseded.

✨ 답안 보기 (클릭)정답: (c) — S5(compared with himself) + S6(it has pleased him) + S7(the image which he has stamped on the Scriptures)의 축자 종합. 오답 해설: (a) 방향 왜곡 — foreign standard 종속은 칼빈이 가정법으로 기각하는 프레임 (Examiner's Eye ①). (b) 반쪽 뒤집기 — S6 은 시험을 인정한다 (I admit); 부정되는 건 시험의 외부성뿐이고 결과는 위엄의 confirmed (Examiner's Eye ②). (d) 병렬 절단 + 어휘 오용 — S1 은 both to the reading **and hearing**; superseded 는 선지자들에 대한 가상 반론 속 단어를 훔쳐 쓴 것 (Examiner's Eye ③).

③ 영작 — 오늘의 공식 적용

문제: 다음을 영어로. "사탄이 성령의 이름 아래로 스며들지 않도록, 성령은 우리가 성경에 찍어 두신 그 형상으로 자신을 알아보기를 원하신다." (Formula 2-③ 의 lest + should 와 S7 의 recognise A by B 구조를 쓸 것)

✨ 답안 보기 (클릭)모범답안: Lest Satan should insinuate himself under the name of the Spirit, the Spirit wishes us to recognise him by the very image which he has stamped on the Scriptures.

출제 의도: ⚠️ 채점 포인트 셋. (1) lest ... should insinuate — lest 뒤에 should + 원형이 왔는가 (lest ... will / lest ... doesn't 는 감점; lest 자체가 부정을 품으므로 not 중복 금지). (2) recognise him by the image — 식별 기준의 by 를 살렸는가. (3) the very image which — S6·S7 의 the very 강조(= verus, 바로 그)를 재현했는가 (that very 허용).

One-line summary: §2 turns yesterday's verdict into practice and answers the chapter's central objection — give diligent heed to the reading and hearing of Scripture, distrust every Word-bypassing spirit (S1), and when the fanatics cry "insult!" at testing the Spirit by Scripture, answer with Calvin's distinction: subjection to a foreign standard would be bondage (subjunctive — that world does not exist), but Scripture is the image which he has stamped — so the test is self-comparison, self-appointed (it has pleased him), and harmless unless self-revolt could be an honour (S10); and today's three grammar keys were the resumed that (one understand, two objects, a verse-sized parenthesis between), the subjunctive triple with the mood-contrast argument (if he be / if he were vs so long as he is / lest ... should), and ellipsis & scope (but ‹he is brought to› the very test, cannot [vary, and change], Such as ..., such ...).

Homework (10 min):

1. Structure restoration. S5 를 덮고, 뼈대만 보고 복원하라: True, if he ______ subjected to a ______ standard, it might be thought that he was ______; but so long as he ______ compared with himself, how can it be said that he is ______? 그런 다음 두 빈칸의 동사 무드(were/is)에 밑줄을 긋고, 왜 서로 달라야 하는지 한 줄로 써라.
2. Composition. Such as ..., such ... 로 한 문장: "복음이 처음 교회에 전해진 그대로, 끝까지 그대로 남을 것이다" → Such as the gospel was first delivered to the church, such it will remain to the end. — 이어서 lest + should 로 한 문장 더: "우리가 속지 않도록, 하나님은 그 표지를 성경에 찍어 두셨다" → Lest we should be deceived, God has stamped that mark on the Scriptures.
3. Preview. 내일은 §3 — 장의 마지막 절. 첫 문장이 남겨 둔 빚을 갚는다: Their cavil about our cleaving to the dead letter carries with it the punishment which they deserve for despising Scripture. — Day 50 S2 에서 광신자들이 조롱하던 the dead and deadly letter, 그 슬로건의 출처인 고후 3:6(the letter killeth)을 칼빈이 직접 주석한다. 문자가 죽이는 것은 언제인가 — 그리고 같은 문자가 the word of life 가 되는 것은 언제인가. 편지와 영의 이혼 서류가 기각되는 날이다.

Where we stopped: Book 1, Ch. 9, §2 끝. 다음은 Book 1, Ch. 9, §3.